A

Acute ischaemic heart disease refers to sudden cell death or damage of heart tissue due to decrease blood flow to the heart

Angina pectoris refers to the chest pain which occurs due to decrease blood flow to the heart.

Acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction is a medical condition in which one of the artery supplying blood to the heart muscle gets partially blocked.

This condition is characterised by the irregular heartbeat as a complication to myocardial infarction.

Arteriovenous fistula of pulmonary vessels refers to an abnormal connection between the pulmonary artery and vein due to which lungs does not receive proper oxygen.

It refers to perforation of dilated pulmonary artery.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Acute or subacute endocarditis refers to the sudden inflammation of endocardium surrounding the heart which is characterised by chest pain and discomfort.

In this condition aortic valve present on the left side of the heart does not closes properly leading to the backflow of blood from the aorta to left ventricle.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

In this condition aortic valve present on the left side of the heart does not closes properly.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

In this condition electrical impulses travelling from atrium to ventricle through AV node is slower than normal. It progresses slowly and can give rise to condition such as second- and third-degree atrioventricular block.

Antidromic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AAVRT) is a type of Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT). This type of tachycardia is found in 5% of the people with Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome.

Acute arterial occlusion is a medical condition in which artery gets acutely occluded by a thrombus, an embolus, aortic dissection, or acute compartment syndrome.

Acute thromboembolic upper limb arterial occlusion is a medical condition in which artery that carry blood to upper limb gets acutely occluded by a thrombus (atherosclerotic plaque).

Acute thromboembolic lower limb arterial occlusion is a medical condition in which artery that carry blood to lower limb gets acutely occluded by a thrombus (atherosclerotic plaque), or an emboli (blood clot).

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Aortic dissection refers to a medical condition in which the inner layer of the aorta, gets teared up due to which blood starts to accumulate between the outer and inner layer, thus seperating them from each other. Ascending aorta dissection not beyond arch with rupture is a serious condition as rupture of dissected blood vessel can lead to sudden death because of insufficient blood flow.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a medical condition in which flowing blood put pressure against the weakened area of blood vessel (abdominal aorta), that causes that area of vessel to bulge like a balloon. In this condition patient have symptoms like sudden pain in abdomen or back which can spread to pelvis, legs, or buttocks; sweaty skin; increased heart rate; and sometimes loss of consciousness. The constant pressure can cause the perforation in the vessel and this condition is then known as abdominal aortic aneurysm with perforation.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a medical condition in which flowing blood put pressure against the weakened area of blood vessel (abdominal aorta), that causes that area of vessel to bulge like a balloon. In this condition patient have symptoms like sudden pain in abdomen or back which can spread to pelvis, legs, or buttocks; sweaty skin; increased heart rate; and sometimes loss of consciousness. The constant pressure can cause the rupture of the vessel and this condition is then known as abdominal aortic aneurysm with rupture.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Carotid artery aneurysm is a medical condition in which flowing blood put pressure against the weakened area of blood vessel, that causes that area of vessel to bulge like a balloon. When this pressure increases beyond a particular limit, there could be a dissection or rupture of blood vessel. Carotid Dissection is a medical condition in which the inner layer of the artery, gets teared up due to which blood starts to accumulate between the outer and inner layer, thus seperating them from each other. This can also cause stenosis, or narrowing in the vessel, and complete occlusion. In this condition patient have symptom like headache on the same side where dissection is (usually around the eyes), severe pain in the neck over the carotid artery, drooping eyelid, small pupils and bruits, or murmurs of blood flow which are audible to the patient.

Vertebral artery aneurysm is a medical condition in which flowing blood put pressure against the weakened area of blood vessel, that causes that area of vessel to bulge like a balloon. When this pressure increases beyond a particular limit, there could be a dissection or rupture of blood vessel. Vertebral artery dissection is a medical condition in which the inner layer of the artery, gets teared up due to which blood starts to accumulate between the outer and inner layer, thus separating them from each other. This can also cause stenosis, or narrowing in the vessel, and complete occlusion.

Aneurysm of iliac artery is a medical condition in which flowing blood put pressure against the weakened area of blood vessel, that causes that area of vessel to bulge like a balloon. In this condition patient is generally asymptomatic or may experience pain in back, lower abdomen or groin region. When the pressure of blood increases beyond a particular limit, there could be a dissection or rupture of blood vessel which is a serious condition and require immediate attention. Dissection of iliac artery is a medical condition in which the inner layer of the artery, gets teared up due to which blood starts to accumulate between the outer and inner layer, thus separating them from each other. This can also cause stenosis, or narrowing in the vessel, and complete occlusion. Here patient have sudden sharp ripping feeling.

Adventitial cystic disease is a rare medical condition in which artery gets narrowed or blocked by the cyst that is formed in an artery.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

B

This is a rare genetic disorder where there is increased risk of inherited irregular heart rhythms. In this condition patient may have episode of passing out. Patient generally have irregular heartbeat at rest and this might get triggered when the patient have fever.

C

In this condition heart is not able to pump enough amount of blood to meet the requirement of other body parts.

In this condition plaque get deposited in the walls of autologous veins grafted at the time of by pass surgery in the heart.

It refers to the rupture of dilated coronary artery.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

In this condition right side of the heart is affected due to which there is increased pressure or resistance in the lungs.

It refers to the collection of fluid and blood in the pericardium which causes increase pressure on the heart.

It refers to a disease of heart muscle which makes it difficult for the heart muscle to pump the blood to rest of the body.

It refers too an irregular heart beat either too fast or too slow.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Chronic arterial occlusive disease mostly occur due to atherosclerosis (deposition of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances in the arterial wall). Deposition of atherosclerotic plaque causes narrowing of artery which reduces the flow of blood in the artery and then as the time there increases the risk of complete occlusion of artery with plaque.

Chronic peripheral venous insufficiency of lower extremities is a medical condition in which veins of leg do not allow blood to reach back to heart properly because of insufficiency of valve (valve in veins in normal condition make sure that blood reach the heart).

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

D

These are the diseases of our cardiovascular system which are treated by the specialist, Cardiologist, Interventional cardiologist, Cardiovascular and thoracic surgeon, Cardiothoracic surgeon depending on the type and severity of the condition.

Degenerative mitral valve prolapse is a medical condition in which mital valve present on the left side of the heart does not closes properly. This might be due to degeneration of mitral valve or chordae tendinae.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

It refers to an existence of heart muscle disorder in absence of any other cardiac risk factors, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension etc. in patients with diabetes.

Descending aorta dissection is a medical condition in which the inner layer of the descending aorta gets teared up, due to which blood starts to accumulate between the outer and inner layer, thus seperating them from each other. This condition is serious as it can cause rupture of blood vessel. Descending aorta dissection and distal propagation with rupture is a serious condition as rupture of dissected blood vessel can lead to sudden death because of insufficient blood flow.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

E

In this condition there is a elevation of ST segment without any underlying disorder.

In this condition ectopic foci (an abnormal pacemaker that display automatically) arising in the atrium becomes more active than than SA node (which is generally supressed by electrical activity of SA node) and start sending impulse at higher rate than that of SA node. The atrial rate is about 120 to 250 per minute.

Essential hypertension is defined as increase in BP due to unknown reason.

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H

Hypertensive diseases is a medical condition in which blood pressure increases, which can be either because of increase in blood flow or because of the narrowing of blood vesssels. High blood pressure can lead to various other severe conditions such as heart failure, ischemic heart disease etc.

Hypertensive renal disease refers to the increase in blood pressure due to kidney disorders.

Hypotension refers to decrease in blood pressure to about 90/60 mm hg.

In this one or more valve of the heart does not function properly.

It refers to an abnormal thickening of heart muscle due to which it becomes for extremely hard for the heart muscles to pump the blood effectively to rest of the body.

Here in this condition some electrical impulses while travelling from atrium to ventricle through AV node reaches ventricle while some do not, so the heart beat becomes very irregular. This condition is more severe than Type I, also called Mobitz Type I or Wenckebach’s AV block.

Heart failure is a condition in which our heart does not function properly, it do not pump proper amount of blood to the body as it should. It could be because of various condition like hypertension, coronary heart disease etc. Which makes the heart muscle too weak and stiff to pump blood properly.

I

Idiopathic hypotension is a cardiovascular condition whose reason is unknown.

Ischaemic heart diseases occurs when there is narrrowing of arteries which supply blood to the heart due to which part of heart does not recieve proper amount of blood which lead to chest pain and discomfort.

Ischaemic cardiomyopathy is a medical condition in which your heart is not able to pump sufficient amount of blood to the body due to enlargment of the left ventricle.

It refers to the infection of pericardium which could be bacause of bacteria, fungi, virus or parasite.

Iliac artery arteriopathy is a medical condition in which due to repeated healthy exercise there is a narrowing or blockage of the iliac artery. In this condition patient have symptoms like leg pain, cramping or numbness.

Isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) is a medical condition in which diastolic blood pressure (DBP) increases above 90 mmHg and systolic blood pressure (SBP) remains below 140 mmHg.

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Heart failure with midrange ejection fraction (HFmrEF) is a medical condition related to heart failure (HF), in-between Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is a medical condition in which the muscle of the left ventricle is not pumping blood normal. Ejection fraction get reduced to less than 40% (normal is 55%)

Lower limb deep vein thrombosis refers to the formation of blood clot (thrombois) in one or more deep veins of your lower limb. It is characterised by swelling, pain, warmness,redness or discoloration in that area.

Lymphangitis refers to the infection of the lymph vessel, which is a part of immune system.

Lymphoedema refers to the swelling of body tissue due to blockage of lymphatic system. This condition mostly affects arms and legs.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

M

It refers to an inflammation of heart muscle myocardium (middle heart muscle).`

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Macroreentrant atrial tachycardia (MRAT) is a condition in which there is involvement of re-entry circuit present in the atria. Normally there are two types of wave impulse generated in AV node slow and fast. When the fast impulse travel through the AV node to the bundle of his through the common pathway, slow wave is still on its way to common pathway but when it reaches there the refractory period of fast wave start and thus slow wave hits the fast wave refractory period and dies down. This process gets repeated again and again. But in reentrant trachycardia premature beat generated reach AV node (when the fast wave is in refractory period) activate slow wave and then travel down through its pathway to reach common pathway (to transmit signal to the bundle of his) and after that it also activate the fast wave, travel down its pathway. When the fast wave now reaches the origin it again activate slow wave which is in refractory period creating the whole circuit (reentry circuit).

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Mondor disease is a rare medical condition that involve thrombophelebitis (blood clot in the blood vessel) in the veins of breast or anterior chest wall.

N

In this condition there occurs a narrowing of the mitral valve present on the left side of the heart.

Noncompaction cardiomyopathy is a rare congenital heart disease, in which there is failure of compaction i.e. spongy soft heart muscle do not get transform into solid structure leading to poor heart performance. This mostly occurs in left ventricle hence it is also called Left ventricular noncompaction.

Non-Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia (NSVT) refers to an increase in ventricular heart beat (greater than 100 beats per minute) with widened QRS complex. This condition last for less than 30 seconds and is asymptomatic. This condition is very common but is difficult to diagnose. It mostly come into notice on continuous cardiac monitoring.

Non-atherosclerotic chronic arterial occlusive disease is a medical condition in which arteries get blocked or narrowed because of non atherosclerotic conditions such as arterial wall abnormalities, abnormal external and internal forces, spasm, vasculitis, and thrombophilia.

O

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder..

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

In this condition aortic valve present on the right side of the heart does not closes properly leading to the backflow of blood from the right ventricle to right atrium.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

It refers to an inherent abnormal thickening of heart muscle with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction due to which it becomes for extremely hard for the heart muscle to pump blood effectively to rest of the body.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

P

This refer to an increase in pressure in the arteries of the lung due to disease in the right side of the heart.

Periendocarditis refers to the inflammation of pericardium and endocardium surrounding the heart.

In this condition, pulmonary valve which is present between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery does not closes properly leading to the backflow of the blood from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

In this condition prosthetic valve implanted in heart gets affected. There occurs both stenosis and regurgitation of prosthetic valve.

Persistent atrial fibrillation refers to a condition in which episodes of atrial fibrillation last for longer than 7 days. Atrial fibrillation is a medical condition in which upper chambers of the heart (atrium) beats very fastly without any coordination with the lower chambers of the heart (ventricle).

In this condition there is an early activation of atrium by the impulse send from the ventricle through the accessory pathway (retrograde).

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) refers to a rare medical condition in which abnormally positioned or enlarged calf muscle causes compression of the popliteal artery in the knee. In this condition patient have symptoms like aching knee pain, burning sensation or numbness.

Primary lymphoedema is caused by gene alterations (mutations). It is characterised by the swelling of body tissue due to blockage of lymphatic system. This condition mostly affects arms and legs.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

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R

Patient with rheumatic fever may have narrowing of the aortic valve present on the left side of the heart.

In this condition, there occurs a narrowing of tricuspid valve present between the right ventricle and right atrium.

In this condition pulmonary valve become narrow and does not closes properly affecting the blood flow from pulmonary artery to the right ventricle of the heart.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

It refers to an inflammation of myocardium which occur in patients with rheumatic fever.

In this condition the walls of the lower chamber of heart become abnormally rigid due to which its flexibility decreases. The heart is now able to normally perform its systolic function (squeezing of blood) but not able to perform efficiently dystolic function (relaxing and filling the chambers back with blood.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

In this condition there is backflow of blood due to rupture of papillary muscle or chordae tendinae as a complication of myocardial infarction.

S

Stable angina refers to chest pain which occur only on exertion or due to stress.

Subsequent myocardial infarction refers to recurrent myocardial infarction or heart attack.

Subsequent myocardial infarction refers to recurrent myocardial infarction or heart attack due to complete blockage of one of the artery supplying blood to the heart attack.

In this condition patient experience temporary heart pain or discomfort due to extreme emotion or stressful situations.

This is a rare genetic disorder where there is increased risk of inherited irregular heart rhythms and patient may have sudden cardiac death.

This refers to the abnormally slowed irregular heart rhythm that originate above the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles).

Sinus bradycardia is a condition in which SA node does not function properly and send impulse at a rate slower than normal.

Scar mediated macro reentrant atrial tachycardia is a type of macroreentrant atrial tachycardia. Here, the reentrant circuit involve the regions of spontaneous scar.

Segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) is a rare medical condition where in arteries there is development of blood clot, aneurym, haematoma, and also vessel gets narrow. Arteries of intestine and abdominal organs are mostly affected.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Systemic vein are a part of systemic venous system which carry blood from the body to the heart. Obstruction of these vein could be because of various reason such as cancer, thrombosis (blood clot), aneurysm etc.

Sublingual varices is a benign condition characterised by visible purplish dilated veins on the lateral surface of tongue. Veins get dilated because of the loss of elastin fibres from the its wall.

Secondary hypertension refers to an increase in blood pressure as a complication to other underlying medical condition in the body such as kidney disease, or endocrine disorder etc.

Subsequent myocardial infarction refers to recurrent myocardial infarction or heart attack due to partial blockage of one of the artery supplying blood to the heart attack.

T

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

In this condition tricuspid valve become narrow and does not closes properly affecting the flow of blood from right atrium to right ventricle.

Tricuspid valvar abscess is one of the rare complication of infective endocarditis. In this abscess occur on the leaflet of tricuspid valve.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Aortic dissection refers to a medical condition in which the inner layer of the aorta, gets teared up due to which blood starts to accumulate between the outer and inner layer, thus seperating them from each other. Thoracic aortic dissection, ascending aorta dissection and propagation beyond arch with rupture is a serious condition as rupture of dissected blood vessel can lead to sudden death because of insufficient blood flow.

Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a medical condition in which flowing blood put pressure against the weakened area of blood vessel (thoracic aorta), that causes that area of vessel to bulge like a balloon. In this condition patient have symptoms like tenderness in the chest, back pain, cough, shortness of breath etc. Thoracic aortic aneurysm without mention of perforation or rupture is a condition where the constant pressure of blood can either rupture or perforate the vessel.

Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm is a medical condition in which flowing blood put pressure against the weakened area of blood vessel (aorta that extends from the chest to the abdomen), due to which that area of blood vessel bulge like a balloon. In this condition patient have symptoms like tenderness in the chest, pain in abdomen or back which can spread to pelvis, legs, or buttocks, cough, shortness of breath, sweaty skin, increased heart rate, and sometimes loss of consciousness.etc. The constant pressure can cause the rupture of the blood vessel and this condition is then known as thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm with rupture.

Thrombophlebitis migrans refers to the episode of thrombophelebitis (blood clot in the blood vessel) in different regions of your body as it migrate through the blood. It is characterised by swelling, pain, warmness in that area.

U

Unstable angina refers to the chest pain which can occur any time at rest or on exertion. This condition indicates that the blockage in heart vessel is at critical level.

V

This condition occurs when there is disruption in the transmission of normal pattern of electrical signals.

This is a cardiovascular disorder.

Here varicose vein is due to the valve damage that occur in great saphenous vein. Because of the valve damage blood pool in the leg , foot or toes and is not able to return back to the heart.

Venous ulcer occur in an area where there is any cut or scrap which is usually around the ankle area. These ulcer are formed because of the less supply of blood to these area which slows down the healing.

In this condition a bulge arises from the walls of heart or blood vessel (weekened tissue), which is filled with blood.

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